2022 iri hafi "gufunga", ni ubuhe bwoko bw'urupapuro rusubiza buri mwaka ruzatangwa n'ubucuruzi bw'amahanga mu Bushinwa?
Ku ruhande rumwe, agaciro k’ibitumizwa mu mahanga n’ibyoherezwa mu mezi 11 ya mbere y’ubwiyongere butajegajega icyarimwe, ubucuruzi bw’amahanga mu kwezi kwiyongera ku kwezi kuva muri Nyakanga ukwezi ukwezi kugabanuka; Ku rundi ruhande, kugira ngo hafatwe amabwiriza menshi, guhera mu ntara z’ubukungu bw’inyanja y’iburasirazuba kugera mu turere two hagati n’iburengerazuba, guverinoma nyinshi zateguye imishinga y’ubucuruzi bw’amahanga kugira ngo iguruke mu mahanga kugira ngo iteze imbere amasoko.
Ikigo cy’Ubushinwa gishinzwe guhanahana amakuru mu bukungu, Visi Perezida, wahoze ari Minisitiri w’ubucuruzi, Wei Jianguo, mu kiganiro cyihariye yagiranye n’umunyamakuru w’amakuru agenda yiyongera, biteganijwe ko muri uyu mwaka wose, Ubushinwa muri rusange ibicuruzwa bitumizwa mu mahanga n’ibicuruzwa byoherezwa mu mahanga bizakomeza kugira ubuzima bwiza kandi buhamye, ibyoherezwa mu mahanga bizakomeza kugeraho gukura kabiri.
Icyakora, Wei Jianguo yerekanye ko igabanuka ry’iterambere ry’ukwezi kumwe rikiri mu ntera ihamye, kandi kugabanuka ni “by'agateganyo, byumvikana”, “ubwoba budakenewe, ntibishobora kuvuga ko igabanuka ry’umuvuduko w’ubwiyongere bwa a ukwezi kumwe kugirango yerekane ko ejo hazaza h’ubucuruzi bw’amahanga butameze neza, ubucuruzi bw’amahanga muri rusange buracyari mubikorwa byiza kandi bihamye. ”
Umwaka utaha w’ubucuruzi, Wei yavuze ko ibintu bitaha umwaka utaha bikomeye, inganda z’ubucuruzi bw’imbere mu gihugu zigomba gutsinda ingaruka zatewe n’icyorezo cy’imbere mu gihugu, igihe cyatinze cyo gufata, kikaba ari urufunguzo. Yashimangiye kandi ko nyuma y’iki cyorezo, inganda zikora inganda ku isi, imari shingiro, ikoranabuhanga n’impano bizihutisha kwimurira mu Bushinwa, tugomba kwitegura, uko intara ziteguye, niko amahirwe menshi yo kuyifata.
Ku bijyanye n'ibikorwa biriho ubu amatsinda menshi yo mu karere yo gufata ibyemezo, Wei yasobanuye ko ari "udushya mu mateka y’ubucuruzi bw’amahanga", icyarimwe, ni ugushyira mu bikorwa inama ya Biro Politiki Nkuru ya Politiki yo ku ya 6 Ukuboza yasabye "abakozi batinyuka gukora, abaturage batinyuka guca, ibigo bitinyuka gukora, rubanda itinyuka gukora ubupayiniya "ibisabwa. Byongeye kandi, Wei yasabye ko ahantu henshi hagomba gusohoka hashyizweho umwete kandi tugafata iya mbere, “nko mu majyaruguru y'uburasirazuba, ubu twakagombye kuvuga ko bagize uruhare mu 'itsinda' igihe cyiza.”
“Igabanuka ry'ubwiyongere bw'agateganyo ni iby'igihe gito, ibicuruzwa biva mu mahanga n'ibicuruzwa byoherezwa mu mahanga bizakomeza kuba byiza kandi bihamye”
Amakuru ya Surfing: Amakuru yashyizwe ahagaragara n’ubuyobozi bukuru bwa gasutamo yerekana ko mu kwezi k'Ugushyingo, agaciro k’ibicuruzwa bitumizwa mu mahanga n’ibyoherezwa mu Bushinwa byoherezwa mu mahanga miliyoni 3.7, byiyongereyeho 0.1% umwaka ushize, ubwiyongere bw’umuntu umwe ukwezi gukomeje kugabanuka, nigute ushobora kubona iri hinduka?
Wei Jianguo: Impamvu yo kugabanuka kwiterambere ry’ubucuruzi bw’amahanga mu kwezi kumwe, imwe ni ikwirakwizwa ry’ingingo nyinshi z’icyorezo cy’imbere mu gihugu ndetse n’inzego zimwe na zimwe zo gukumira no kurwanya icyorezo cy’ibanze, bikavamo uduce tumwe na tumwe two guhagarika ibicuruzwa byoherezwa mu mahanga, icya kabiri ni Banki nkuru y’igihugu. Kuzamuka kw'inyungu kwatumye ifaranga ryinshi mu bukungu bumwe na bumwe, imbaraga zo kugura abaguzi zagize ingaruka ku rugero runaka, muri icyo gihe, igabanuka ry’ibiciro by’abaguzi b’amahanga, bituma habaho ibirarane by’ibicuruzwa byabitswe, ari nako bigira ingaruka ku byo umukiriya yakurikiranye, icya gatatu ni amakimbirane y’Uburusiya na Ukraine, nyuma y’ibiciro by’ingufu byazamutse, ibiciro by’imizigo byazamutse, n’inganda zimwe na zimwe zo mu Burayi zarafunzwe, ku buryo kuva icyo gihe, hagabanutse igabanuka ry’ibicuruzwa bikomoka ku bicuruzwa bitanga umusaruro kandi bizima mu Bushinwa.
Nyamara, igabanuka ry’ubucuruzi bw’amahanga mu kwezi kumwe riracyari mu rwego ruhamye, kugabanuka ni iby'igihe gito kandi birumvikana, ukurikije rusange, ubucuruzi bw’amahanga buracyari mu mikorere myiza kandi ihamye, ntibushobora kuvuga ko igabanuka ry’iterambere igipimo mukwezi kumwe kugirango yerekane ko ejo hazaza h’ubucuruzi bw’amahanga ari habi.
Amakuru atangaje: amezi 11 yambere yuyu mwaka, ubucuruzi bwububanyi n’amahanga bw’Ubushinwa bufite igikwiye kwitabwaho?
Wei Jianguo: Mu mezi 11 ya mbere, Ubushinwa butumiza mu mahanga n'ibicuruzwa byoherezwa mu mahanga bifite agaciro ka tiriyari 38.34, byiyongereyeho 8,6% mu gihe kimwe n’umwaka ushize, muri byo, ibyoherezwa mu mahanga miliyoni 21.84, byiyongereyeho 11.9%, ibyoherezwa mu mahanga 16.5 tiriyari y'amayero, kwiyongera kwa 4,6%, ibyoherezwa mu mahanga cyangwa kwiyongera kabiri.
Kuva uyu mwaka ibikorwa byubucuruzi bw’amahanga bifite ibimenyetso byinshi byingenzi bikwiye kwitabwaho. Ubwa mbere, ibicuruzwa rusange bitumizwa mu mahanga n’ibyoherezwa mu mahanga byari hejuru ya 60% by’agaciro k’ubucuruzi bw’ububanyi n’amahanga, bigera kuri 63.8%, byiyongereyeho amanota 2.2 ku ijana mu gihe kimwe n’umwaka ushize, imikorere myiza y’ubucuruzi rusange yerekana ko ubushinwa bw’imbere mu gihugu nka nyamukuru, imbere mu gihugu no mumahanga kabiri byuzuzanya mugutezimbere uburyo bushya bwiterambere.
Icya kabiri, ubucuruzi bwo gutunganya bwungutse bimwe. Mu gihe cy’icyorezo, ubucuruzi bwo gutunganya bwagiye buhoro, cyangwa n’ubwiyongere bukabije, mu gihe amezi 11 yambere yo gutunganya ibicuruzwa bitumizwa mu mahanga n’ibicuruzwa byoherezwa mu mahanga miliyari 7.74, byiyongereyeho 1,3%, kwiyongera gake mu kamaro gakomeye ko kuzamura ibicuruzwa by’ubucuruzi biri inyuma ya ibidukikije byubucuruzi mubushinwa byabaye byiza, umubare munini wabashoramari babanyamahanga gushora imari mubucuruzi, umusaruro kuri byinshi.
Icya gatatu, Ubushinwa bwiyongereye hamwe n’iterambere ry’ibicuruzwa byoherezwa mu mahanga n’ibihugu bikikije “Umukandara n’umuhanda” birarenze umuvuduko rusange w’ubwiyongere bw’ubucuruzi bw’amahanga mu gihugu, ndetse n’umubano w’ubucuruzi ugenda urushaho kuba hafi, mu mezi 11 ya mbere, Ubushinwa bwinjira mu mahanga n’ibicuruzwa byoherezwa mu mahanga hamwe na "Umukandara n'Umuhanda" tiriyari 12.54 z'amafaranga y'u Rwanda, kwiyongera kwa 20.4%, kwiyongera ku mwaka ku mwaka ku gipimo cya 11.8 ku ijana ugereranyije n'ubwiyongere rusange bw'ubucuruzi bw'amahanga mu mahanga, kandi, ndizera ko umuvuduko w'iterambere uzakomeza. kwiyongera.
Icya kane, ibikoreshwa mu mashini n’amashanyarazi n’ibicuruzwa byibanda cyane ku murimo kugira ngo tugere ku iterambere ryikubye kabiri, twagize impungenge ko, kubera izamuka ry’ibiciro fatizo by’ibiciro fatizo, izamuka ry’ibiciro by’umurimo, hamwe na Vietnam ikikije, Maleziya itazakuraho umugabane w’isoko nizindi mpamvu, umurimo -ibicuruzwa byoherezwa mu mahanga bizagabanuka, ariko guhera mu mibare yashize yo mu Gushyingo, ibyoherezwa mu mahanga byibanda cyane ku mirimo bingana na tiriyari 3.91, byiyongereyeho 9.9%, ibikomoka ku mashini n’amashanyarazi n’ibicuruzwa biva mu mahanga Nyuma y’ubwiyongere bubiri, byerekana ko twe komeza gushimangira impinduka no kuzamura imishinga y’ubucuruzi bw’amahanga, ndetse no guhindura imiterere y’ibicuruzwa by’ubucuruzi bw’amahanga.
Byongeye kandi, amezi 11 yambere, ASEAN iracyari umufatanyabikorwa munini wubucuruzi, hano tubikesha ishyirwa mubikorwa rya RCEP, kandi RCEP itaha izakomeza kubutegetsi.
Nkurikije rero muri rusange umwaka wose, ndatekereza ko ibicuruzwa bitumizwa mu mahanga n’ibicuruzwa byoherezwa mu mahanga bizakomeza kuba byiza kandi biteze imbere, ibyoherezwa mu mahanga bizakomeza kwiyongera ku mibare ibiri, ibicuruzwa bitumizwa mu mahanga nabyo biziyongera vuba.
Ati: “Ibigo by’ubucuruzi by’amahanga byategetse ni igikombe cy'umuceri, itsinda ku nyanja ni agashya mu mateka y’ubucuruzi bw’amahanga”
Amakuru ya Surfing: Kugeza ubu, inzego nyinshi zinzego zibanze zitegura ibigo gufata ibyemezo, ubona ute iki cyiciro?
Wei Jianguo: ku mishinga y’ubucuruzi bw’amahanga, itegeko ni igikombe cy'umuceri, nta bicuruzwa bishobora kubaho. Guverinoma yateguye inganda z’ubucuruzi bw’amahanga kujya mu nyanja, twavuga ko ari udushya mu mateka y’ubucuruzi bw’amahanga. Nabonye ko guhanga udushya atari muri Guangdong gusa, Zhejiang, Jiangsu, Fujian, nibindi, mukarere ko hagati nuburengerazuba, harimo Hunan, Sichuan, nibindi nabyo byatangiye, nikintu cyiza.
Usibye guhanga udushya, inyanja yo gufata ibyemezo ni ngombwa cyane gushyira mu bikorwa inama yo ku ya 6 Ukuboza ya Biro Nkuru ya Politiki Nkuru ya politiki “abakada batinyuka gukora, abaturage batinyuka gucamo, imishinga itinyuka gukora, rubanda itinyuka gukora ubupayiniya”.
Itsinda ryo gufata ibyemezo mumahanga, ubanza, byerekana ko nyuma ya Kongere yigihugu ya 20, ibigo byubucuruzi byububanyi n’amahanga bifite isura nshya, bitinyuka gucamo kugirango batsinde isi; icya kabiri, ibicuruzwa ni ibigo byubucuruzi bwububanyi n’amahanga, ariko bigakurikirwa n’uruhererekane rw’ibicuruzwa, akazi n’isoko ryuzuye ry’imbere mu gihugu, bityo gufata ibyemezo ni ugufata isoko; icya gatatu, inganda zubucuruzi n’ububanyi n’amahanga kugira ngo zerekane mu mahanga, hari inganda nyinshi zifite ibibazo, guverinoma yagize uruhare "Ukundi kuboko", urashobora kubona ko guverinoma yihuta, serivisi zihari kugira ngo zifashe inganda gukemura ibibazo, harimo indege zikodeshwa, icyorezo gukumira ndetse n'umurwa mukuru.
Guhera ubu kugeza muri Mata gutaha, Gicurasi, isi izabera imurikagurisha ritandukanye cyangwa magana atandatu, tugomba kwitabira cyane, atari muri Guangdong, Hong Kong na Macao gusa, akarere ka Delta ka Yangtze Delta kuzitabira, uturere two hagati n’iburengerazuba, akarere k'amajyaruguru y'uburasirazuba nako gakwiye kwitabira cyane, ubu nigihe cyiza cyo gukina uruhare rw "itsinda".
Icyorezo cy’imyaka itatu ntabwo ari ubucuruzi bw’amahanga gusa, ubukungu bwacu muri rusange hamwe n’ivunjisha ku isi, itumanaho, docking ntibihagije, urwego rw’ibicuruzwa ku isi mu myaka itatu ishize rwakomeje guhinduka, kandi iri hinduka ntiriboneka mu mishinga imwe n'imwe yo mu Bushinwa. , ubu iki gihe kugirango tugire intera, byihuse mumurongo mushya utanga isoko, urwego rwinganda, tugomba gukora akazi keza ko "guhanahana amakuru, itumanaho, dock", dukeneye gusohoka, ntabwo turwanira gusa ibicuruzwa byoherezwa hanze, ariko no gukurura ishoramari ryinshi mubushinwa.
“Umwaka utaha ubucuruzi bw’ububanyi n’amahanga burakomeye, ariko nanone ni igihe gikomeye”
Amakuru ya Surfing: ni ubuhe buryo buteganijwe mu mwaka utaha mu bucuruzi bw’ububanyi n’amahanga?
Wei Jianguo: ibintu bibiri, ibintu umwaka utaha birababaje, ibigo by’ubucuruzi by’imbere mu gihugu biracyakeneye gutsinda ingaruka zatewe n’icyorezo cy’imbere mu gihugu, igihe cyatinze cyo gufata, kikaba ari urufunguzo, impande mpuzamahanga, bimwe mu byo kurwanya- Kuba isi ihinduka, harimo gukumira ibicuruzwa, kutabogama, n'ibindi, bizarushaho kugira ingaruka ku bucuruzi bw’amahanga mu Bushinwa, nabyo ni ingorane zikomeye no gutsinda.
Kuva mu mpera zuyu mwaka inganda z’ubucuruzi n’ububanyi n’amahanga kugira ngo zibone uko ibintu bimeze, umwaka utaha ni igihe gikomeye. Kugirango turusheho gukingurira isi yo hanze kurwego rwo hejuru, ibigo byubucuruzi byububanyi n’amahanga kugira ngo bitere imbere umwuka wo gutinyuka gukora gutinyuka guca, kandi uharanira umwaka utaha, ibyifuzo byo hanze ntibihagije, ndetse n’ibisabwa n’amahanga mu gihe runaka igihe kiragoye cyane, ubucuruzi bwububanyi n’amahanga kugira ngo bukemure ibibazo, kugira ngo bugumane ibihe biriho, cyangwa ndetse biruta ibyo muri uyu mwaka, izamuka ry’imibare ibiri mu bucuruzi bw’amahanga, rizongerwa mu mbaraga zacu mu gihe runaka.
Amakuru ya Surf: Nibihe bintu byaranze ubucuruzi bw’ububanyi n’amahanga umwaka utaha bikwiye kwitabwaho?
Wei Jianguo: Ikintu gikomeye cyagaragaye ni uburyo bugezweho bwubushinwa dushaka gushyira mubikorwa. Uburyo bugezweho bwubushinwa bushimangira urwego rwo hejuru rwo gufungura isi. Umwaka utaha, hazashyirwaho politiki n’ingamba zo gushimangira urwego rwo hejuru rwugururiwe isi, guteza imbere ubucuruzi bw’Ubushinwa, kurengera umutungo bwite mu bwenge, cyane cyane mu gushyiraho uburyo bw’isoko bushingiye ku mategeko, ku isoko no ku rwego mpuzamahanga, gufata intambwe nini igana imbere, kandi isoko rinini ryUbushinwa rizakurura ishoramari ritabarika nkuwonsa. Nyuma y’icyorezo, inganda ku isi, imari shingiro, ikoranabuhanga n’impano bizihutisha kwimurira mu Bushinwa, tugomba kuba twiteguye, intara ziteguye, amahirwe menshi yo gufata.
Amakuru ya Surfing: Ni uruhe ruhare guhagarika ubucuruzi bw’amahanga bizagira uruhare mu kuzamura iterambere? Umwaka utaha, ubucuruzi bw’amahanga buhamye bugomba guturuka mu zihe nzego zashyiraho ingufu?
Wei Jianguo: Mu gukoresha ntibyakomeje, ingaruka z’ishoramari ntizigaragara, ubucuruzi bw’amahanga buzakomeza kugira uruhare runini. Guhagarika ubucuruzi bw’amahanga, icy'ingenzi ni uguhuza ingingo z’isoko, gushimangira politiki y’ubucuruzi bw’amahanga. Icya mbere, ishyirwa mu bikorwa rya politiki y’ubucuruzi n’ububanyi n’amahanga guhera muri uyu mwaka, birimo ubwishingizi, inguzanyo, gasutamo, harimo na politiki zimwe na zimwe zikoreshwa mu bucuruzi bwambukiranya imipaka ku mipaka, kugira ngo dusobanukirwe n’ishyirwa mu bikorwa; icya kabiri, gushiraho itsinda rinini, rifunguye amakuru yamakuru, icyifuzo cyisi yose kubintu, ikibanza gifite imurikagurisha, ahakeneye ibyo abakiriya, ninama ki kubicuruzwa byacu, amasoko agikeneye gushakishwa, ubucuruzi bwamahanga kugirango tubyumve nkuko vuba bishoboka Icya gatatu, ishyirwaho rya "flag flag" nkibyingenzi, izindi "frigate" kubungabunga icyitegererezo cya "flet", ni ukuvuga inganda nini gufata iyambere, hamwe ninganda nto hejuru no hepfo ya Linkage, gushiraho a Uburyo bumwe guteza imbere amasoko mashya.
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Igihe cyo kohereza: Ukuboza-15-2022