2022 yave kuda "kuvhara", rudzii rwe "yepagore mhinduro pepa" richaunzwa nekutengeserana kweChina kunze kwenyika?
Kune rumwe rutivi, kukosha kwese kwekutengesa uye kutengesa kunze kwenyika mumwedzi yekutanga ye11 yekukura kwakasimba panguva imwe chete, kutengesa kune dzimwe nyika mwedzi-on-mwedzi kukura kwekukura kubva munaJuly mwedzi nemwedzi kuderera; Nekune rimwe divi, kuti vatore mamwe maodha, kubva kumatunhu ehupfumi emahombekombe ekumabvazuva kusvika kumatunhu epakati nekumadokero, hurumende zhinji dzakaronga makambani ekutengeserana kunze kwenyika kuti abhururuke kuenda kunze kwenyika kunovandudza misika.
China Center for International Economic Exchanges Mutevedzeri weMutungamiri, aimbova Mutevedzeri weGurukota reCommerce Wei Jianguo akati mubvunzurudzo yakasarudzika nemutori wenhau ari kuwedzera, inotarisirwa mukati megore rino, kutengwa kweChina kwese kwekutengesa uye kunze kwenyika kucharamba kuine hutano uye kwakagadzikana budiriro, kutengeswa kunze kwenyika kucharamba kuchiwana. kukura kwenhamba mbiri.
Zvisinei, Wei Jianguo akaratidza kuti kuderera kwekukura kwemwedzi mumwe chete kuchiri mukati mehutano hwakagadzikana, uye kuderera "kwenguva pfupi, kunonzwisisika", "kutya kusingadikanwi, hakugoni kutaura kuti kuderera kwekukura kwekukura kwe mwedzi mumwe chete kuratidza kuti ramangwana rekutengeserana kune dzimwe nyika harina kujeka, kutengeserana kwekunze kwese kuchiri mune hutano uye hwakagadzikana huwandu hwekushanda. ”
Pamamiriro ekutengeserana egore rinouya, Wei akati mamiriro ezvinhu gore rinouya akashata, mabhizinesi ekutengeserana ekunze achiri kufanira kukunda kukanganisa kwakakonzerwa nedenda repamba, nguva yekunonoka kubata, inova yakakosha. Akasimbisawo kuti mushure medenda, indasitiri yekugadzira yepasirese, capital, tekinoroji uye tarenda ichakurumidza kuendesa kuChina, isu tinofanirwa kunge takagadzirira, matunhu akagadzirira, mikana yakawanda yekubata.
Kana zvasvika kune chiitiko chazvino chemapoka emunharaunda kutora mirairo, Wei akaitsanangura se "unyowani munhoroondo yekutengeserana kwekunze", panguva imwecheteyo, iko kuitiswa kwemusangano waDecember 6 Central Political Bureau yakakurudzirwa "makadhi anoshinga. kuita, kushinga kwomunzvimbomo kupaza, mabhizimisi anoshinga kuita, mhomho inotsunga kupayona” zvinodikanwa. Pamusoro pezvo, Wei akataura kuti nzvimbo dzakawanda dzinofanira kushingaira kubuda uye kutanga, “zvakadai sekuchamhembe kwakadziva kumabvazuva, zvino zvinofanira kunzi zviri kuita ‘boka’ nguva yakanakisisa.”
"Kukura kwekukura kuderera ndekwenguva pfupi, kutengeserana kwepagore uye kutengesa kunze kwenyika kucharamba kuine hutano uye kwakagadzikana budiriro"
Surfing Nhau: Iyo data yakaburitswa neGeneral Administration of Customs inoratidza kuti mumwedzi waMbudzi, kukosha kwese kwekutenga nekutengesa kweChina kunze kwenyika kwe3.7 trillion yuan, kuwedzera kwe0.1% gore negore, kukura kweimwe chete. mwedzi unoramba uchidzikira, kuona sei shanduko iyi?
Wei Jianguo: Chikonzero chekudzikira kwekukura kwekutengeserana kwekunze mumwedzi mumwechete, imwe ndeyekugovera-mapoinzi kwedenda repamba uye kumwe kudzivirira kwedenda nekudzora matunhu, zvichikonzera kune dzimwe nzvimbo dzekuvharira kunze kwenyika, yechipiri iFederal Reserve. kukwira kwemhindu kwakakonzera kukwira kwemitengo kwakakwira mune dzimwe hupfumi, simba rekutenga nevatengi rakakanganiswa kusvika pamwero wakati, panguva imwe chete, kudzikira kwezvinodiwa nevatengi vekunze, zvichikonzera kusamira shure hoarded inventory, iyo inokanganisa mirairo inotevera yemutengi, yechitatu ndiyo mhirizhonga yeRussia-Ukrainian, mushure mokunge mitengo yeMagetsi yakwira, mutengo wekutakura wakakwira, uye mamwe mafekitari muEurope akavharwa, kuitira kuti kubvira ipapo, kwave nekuderera kwekudiwa. yezvinhu zvinogadzira uye zvinorarama zvevatengi muChina.
Zvisinei, kuderera kwekutengeserana kune dzimwe nyika mumwedzi mumwe chete kuchiri mukati mehutano hwakagadzikana, kuderera ndekwenguva pfupi uye kunonzwisisika, kubva pakuona kwese, kutengeserana kune dzimwe nyika kuchiri mune hutano hwakanaka uye hwakasimba hwekushanda, haigoni kutaura kuti kuderera kwekukura. chiyero mumwedzi mumwechete kuratidza kuti ramangwana rekutengeserana kunze kwenyika harina kujeka.
Nhau dzekufambisa: mwedzi gumi neimwe yekutanga yegore rino, kutengeserana kweChina kune dzimwe nyika kune izvo zvakakodzera kutariswa kuita?
Wei Jianguo: Mumwedzi gumi neimwe yekutanga, kukosha kweChina kunotora uye kutengesa kunze kwenyika kwe38.34 trillion yuan, kuwedzera kwe8.6% panguva imwecheteyo gore rapfuura, iyo, kunze kwenyika kwe21.84 trillion yuan, kuwedzera kwe11,9%, kunze kwenyika kwe16,5 matriyoni yuan, kuwedzera kwe4.6%, kutengesa kunze kwenyika kana kukura kwenhamba mbiri.
Sezvo gore rino kutengeserana kwekunze kuita kune akati wandei akakosha masaini akakodzera kutariswa. Chekutanga, general trade imports and exports accounted more than 60% of the total value of foreign trade , inosvika 63,8%, kuwedzera kwe 2.2 percent percent over the same period gore rakapera, kuita kwakanaka kwe general trade kunoratidza kuti kutenderera kwemumba kweChina se iyo huru, yemumba uye yepasirese kutenderera kwakapetwa kaviri kwekusimudzira pamwe kweiyo nzira itsva yebudiriro iri kutora chimiro.
Chechipiri, kutengeserana kwekugadzirisa kwakawana kumwe kukura. Munguva yedenda, kutengeserana kwekugadzirisa kwave kunonoka, kana kukura kwakashata, nepo mwedzi gumi neimwe yekutanga yekugadzirisa kutengeserana kwekutengesa uye kutumira kunze kwenyika 7.74 trillion yuan, kuwedzera kwe1.3%, kuwedzera kuduku mukukosha kukuru kwekugadzirisa kukura kwekutengeserana kuri shure kwe bhizinesi nharaunda muChina rave nani, nhamba huru yevanoisa mari kunze kwenyika kuti vadyare mubhizinesi, kugadzira pane zvimwe.
Chechitatu, kuwedzera kwekuwedzera kweChina uye kuwedzera kunze kwenyika kuwedzera kwe "Belt and Road" yakakwirira kudarika kukura kwekutengeserana kwenyika kune dzimwe nyika, uye hukama huri kuwedzera huri pedyo hwekutengeserana, mumwedzi gumi neimwe yekutanga, kusanganiswa kweChina uye kutengesa kunze kwenyika. pamwe ne "Belt and Road" 12.54 trillion yuan, kuwedzera kwe20.4%, gore-pa-gore kukura kwe11.8 muzana inokwira kupfuura yekukura kwekukura kwekunze kwenyika. kutengeserana, uye, ndinotenda kuti kukura kwekukura kucharamba kuchiwedzera.
Chechina, michina uye zvigadzirwa zvemagetsi uye zvigadzirwa zvevashandi zvakanyanya kuti zvikure zvakapetwa kaviri, tainetsekana kuti, nekuda kwekukwira kwemitengo yezvinhu, kukwira kwemitengo yevashandi, pamwe neVietnam yakatenderedza, Malaysia haizotore chikamu chemusika uye zvimwe zvikonzero, basa. -yakakura zvigadzirwa zvinotengeswa kunze kwenyika zvichadzikira, asi kubva yapfuura Mbudzi data, kunze kwenyika zvigadzirwa zvevashandi zvakanyanya kusvika 3.91 trillion yuan, kuwedzera kwe9.9%, michina uye zvigadzirwa zvemagetsi uye Zvigadzirwa zvevashandi zvinotengeswa kunze kwenyika Kuseri kwekukura kwakapetwa kaviri, zvinoratidza kuti tinoramba tichisimbisa shanduko uye kuvandudzwa kwemabhizinesi ekutengeserana kunze kwenyika, pamwe nekushandurwa kwechimiro chechigadzirwa chemabhizimisi ekunze.
Mukuwedzera, mwedzi yekutanga ye11, ASEAN ichiri shamwari yedu huru yekutengesa, pano nekuda kwekushandiswa kweRCEP, uye RCEP inotevera icharamba ichishanda.
Saka, kubva pakuona kwegore rose, ndinofunga kuti kutengeserana kwekutengesa uye kutengesa kunze kwenyika kucharamba kuine hutano uye kubudirira kwakadzikama, kutengesa kunze kwenyika kucharamba kuchiwedzera-madhijiti maviri, kutengeswa kwenyika kuchakurawo munguva pfupi.
"Foreign trade Enterprises orders ndiro ndiro yemupunga, boka rekuenda kugungwa ndiro idzva munhoroondo yekutengeserana nedzimwe nyika"
Nhau dzeSurfing: Parizvino, dzinoverengeka dzehurumende dzemuno dzinoronga mabhizinesi kuti atore maodha, unoiona sei kutenderera kwechiito ichi?
Wei Jianguo: kune mabhizinesi ekutengeserana ekunze, kurongeka ndiyo ndiro yemupunga, hapana mirairo haigone kurarama. Hurumende yakaronga makambani ekutengeserana kunze kwenyika kuti aende kugungwa, zvinogona kunzi ndiyo itsva munhoroondo yekutengeserana kwekunze. Ndakaona kuti iyi innovation haingori mumhenderekedzo yegungwa Guangdong, Zhejiang, Jiangsu, Fujian, nezvimwewo, munzvimbo dzepakati nekumadokero, kusanganisira Hunan, Sichuan, nezvimwewo zvakatanga zvakare, icho chinhu chakanaka.
Pamusoro pekuvandudza, gungwa kutora maodha kunonyanya kukosha kuita musangano waZvita 6 weCentral Political Bureau "makadhi anoshinga kuita, ushingi hwemuno kupaza, mabhizinesi anoshinga kuita, veruzhinji vanoshinga kupayona" zvinodiwa.
Boka kubata mirairo kunze kwenyika, kutanga, inoratidza kuti mushure meNational Congress yechi20, mabhizinesi ekutengeserana ekunze ane chitarisiko chitsva, anoshinga kupaza kuti akunde nyika; chechipiri, maodha mabhizinesi ekutengeserana ekunze, asi achiteverwa neketani yekugadzira, basa uye yakazara seti yemusika wepamba, saka kubata maodha ndiko kubata musika; chechitatu, mabhizinesi ekunze ekutengeserana kunze kwenyika kuratidzira kunze kwenyika, kune mazhinji emabhizinesi dambudziko, hurumende yakatamba "Rimwe ruoko" basa, unogona kuona kuti hurumende iri kukurumidza, masevhisi ari panzvimbo yekubatsira makambani kugadzirisa matambudziko, kusanganisira ndege dzakabhadharwa, denda. kudzivirira uye kunyange mari.
Kubva zvino kusvika Kubvumbi anotevera, Chivabvu, nyika ichaitwa mazana mashanu kana mazana matanhatu ekuratidzira kwakasiyana, tinofanira kushingaira kutora chikamu, kwete chete muGuangdong, Hong Kong uye Macao, iyo Yangtze River Delta nharaunda kutora chikamu, nechepakati uye kumadokero kumatunhu, kuchamhembe kwakadziva kumabvazuva kunofanirawo kutora chikamu, ino ndiyo nguva yakanaka yekutamba basa re "boka".
Denda remakore matatu harisi kutengeserana kunze kwenyika chete, hupfumi hwedu hwese nekutsinhana kwepasirese, kutaurirana, docking hakuna kukwana, cheni yepasi rose mumakore matatu apfuura yakaramba ichigadzirisa, uye kugadzirisa uku kuri mukushaikwa kwemamwe mabhizinesi eChinese. , ikozvino nguva ino kugadzira chinhambwe, nekukurumidza kupinda muchikamu chitsva chepasi rose, cheni yeindasitiri, tinofanira kuita basa rakanaka re "kuchinjana, kutaurirana, kumisa ", tinoda kubuda, kwete kungorwira mirairo yekunze, asiwo kukwezva kuwedzera mari muChina.
“Mamiriro ezvinhu ekutengeserana kunze kwenyika gore rinouya akaoma, asiwo nguva yakasimba”
Surfing News: chii chiri kufanotaura kwegore rinouya rekunze kutengeserana mamiriro?
Wei Jianguo: mamiriro maviri, mamiriro ezvinhu gore rinouya akashata, mabhizinesi ekunze ekutengeserana ekunze achiri kufanira kukunda kukanganisa kwakakonzerwa nedenda repamba, nguva yakanonoka yekudzoka, inova ndiyo kiyi, chikamu chepasi rose, zvimwe zvekupikisa- kudyidzana kwepasi rose, kusanganisira kudzivirira kwekutengeserana, unilateralism, zvichingodaro, zvichawedzera kukanganisa kutengeserana kweChina kune dzimwe nyika, ndirowo dambudziko redu guru uye kukunda.
Kubva pakupera kwegore rino mabhizimisi ekunze anoona mamiriro akaita zvinhu, gore rinouya inguva yakaoma zvikuru. Kuti uwedzere kuvhurira kune yekunze kune yakakwira nhanho, mabhizinesi ekutengeserana ekunze kuendesa mberi mweya wekushinga kuita ushingi hwekupaza, uye kuyedza kusvika gore rinouya, kudiwa kwekunze hakuna kukwana, uye kunyangwe kudiwa kwekunze kwenguva nguva yakaoma zvikuru, kutengeserana vatorwa kuti tide pamusoro matambudziko, kuchengetedza ano, kana kunyange nani pane mamiriro gore rino, kaviri-manhamba kukura mukutengeserana kunze, achawedzerwa pasi kuedza kwedu kwenguva.
Surf News: Ndeapi makuru ekutengeserana kwekunze kwegore rinouya akakodzera kutariswa?
Wei Jianguo: Chikuru chinosimudzira iChinese-style yemazuva ano yatinoda kuita. China-style yemazuva ano inosimbisa yakakwira mwero wekuvhurika kune kunze kwenyika. Gore rinouya, pachava nenhevedzano yemitemo uye matanho ekukurudzira kusunungurwa kwepamusoro kune kunze kwenyika, kusimudzira nzvimbo yebhizimisi yeChina, kuchengetedzwa kwehupfumi hwepfungwa, kunyanya pakugadzwa kwehurongwa hwemusika hunobva pane pamutemo, kushambadzira uye internationalization, kutora. nhanho hombe kumberi, uye musika muhombe weChina unokwezva zvisingaverengeki mainvestimenti senge anoyamwa. Mushure medenda, kugadzirwa kwepasirese, capital, tekinoroji uye matarenda zvichamhanyisa kuendeswa kuChina, isu tinofanirwa kunge takagadzirira, mapurovhinzi akagadzirira, mikana yakawanda yekubata.
Surfing News: Ndeipi basa richaita kudzikamisa kutengeserana kwekunze mukudzikamisa kukura? Gore rinouya, kutengeserana kune dzimwe nyika kwakagadzikana kunofanira kubva kune zvikamu zvipi zvekuita kuedza?
Wei Jianguo: Mukushandisa hakuna kuramba, mhedzisiro yekudyara haisati yaonekwa, kutengeserana kwekunze kucharamba kuchiita basa rakakura. Kudzikamisa kutengeserana kune dzimwe nyika, chinhu chikuru ndechekudzikamisa nyaya dzemusika, kudzikamisa mutemo wekutengeserana kune dzimwe nyika. Kutanga, kuitwa kweakatevedzana emitemo yekutengeserana yekunze kubva gore rino, inosanganisira inishuwarenzi, kiredhiti, tsika, kusanganisira mamwe maitiro akasarudzika ekuyambuka muganhu e-commerce, kubata sangano nekuita; chechipiri, kugadza yakakura, yakazaruka ruzivo network boka, kudiwa kwepasirese kuti zvinhu zvipi, iyo nzvimbo ine kuratidzwa, iyo nzvimbo inoda chii vatengi, ndeapi zano pane zvigadzirwa zvedu, izvo misika zvichiri kuda kuongororwa, kutengeserana kune dzimwe nyika kubata se nekukurumidza sezvinobvira Chechitatu, kugadzwa kwe "flagship" seyo huru, imwe "frigate" kuchengetedza ye "fleet" modhi, ndiko kuti, makambani makuru ekutungamira, ane makambani madiki kumusoro uye kuzasi Linkage, kuumbwa. ye "one-stop" nzira yekugadzira misika mitsva.
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Nguva yekutumira: Zvita-15-2022